About PET/CT
Positron Emission Tomography, also called PET, is a diagnostic tool that produces images that demonstrate organ function. PET images are based on the detection of subatomic particles, specifically positrons.
Positrons are emitted from a radioactive substance administered to the patient and are ultimately detected by special crystals within the PET scanner. This information is then digitized to produce a 3-Dimensional image of the whole body or of a specific organ. With PET/CT, Computerized Tomography images are also obtained, which show detailed views of the structure of the body part being examined. The two types of images are “fused” by a computer into a set of pictures that shows both anatomical detail and function of the area being examined.
PET PET/CT scans are most often used to determine whether a growth is malignant (cancerous) or benign (non-cancerous), to evaluate the progression of disease and to assess the effects of clinical therapies. In addition, PET/CT is used to evaluate patients who have memory disorders such as Alzheimer’s Disease, seizure disorders that are not responsive to medical therapy and for the assessment of cardiovascular disease.
What to Expect
Resting Phase
The PET/CT procedure typically lasts 2-3 hours. It begins with an injection of a tiny amount of radioactive glucose (sugar) “tracer” solution that enables evaluation of glucose metabolism (function) in the body. There are no known side effects to this injection. Once injected, you will be asked to rest in quiet room and avoid significant movement or talking, which may alter the localization of the tracer. The resting period lasts approximately 60 min.
Imaging Phase
The PET/CT scanner is very similar in size to a CT scanner and looks like a large doughnut. You will be asked to lie on an imaging table with a pillow positioned under your knees for additional comfort. It will take approximately 30-45 minutes for your scan and possibly longer depending on the type of scan your physician has requested. It is very important that you not move during the scan.
The test results will be sent to your physician who will review the final report with you.
Patient Preparation
Preparation varies, depending on the procedure being performed. You will be contacted prior to your procedure to confirm special dietary instructions.
Wear comfortable, warm clothing. Do not wear jewelry or clothing with metal zippers or buttons. (Sweats are recommended)
Please leave valuables at home
Side Effects and Complications
As with many diagnostic procedures, there are some risks associated with radiation exposure. Most clinicians believe the beneficial information gained from PET/CT exams outweigh the exposure risks.
Consult your physician before the exam if you may possibly be pregnant or are breast-feeding.
Follow-Up Care
There are no restrictions after the test, although you should drink plenty of fluids to flush the radioactive substance from your body.